What is Inode? How to find the INODE usage on Linux”. You know, in Unix/Linux everything is considered as a file. An Inode is a data structure that stores various information about a file. This includes File type (executable, block special etc) Ownership Group Owner Permission File Size File access, change and modification timestamp File deletion timestamp Number of links (soft/hard) Access Control List (ACLs) First of all, let me briefly explain about Inode. Index Node (inode) is a basic concept in Linux/Unix. Index node/number (inode) is a data structure…

Each attempt to login to SSH server is tracked and recorded into a log file by the rsyslog daemon in Linux. The most basic mechanism to Discover all unsuccessful SSH login Activities in Linux is a combination of displaying and filtering the log files with the help of cat command or grep command. In order to display a list of the failed SSH logins in Linux, issue some of the commands presented in this guide. Make sure that these commands are executed with root privileges. The most simple command to…

ModSecurity Introduction ModSecurity is a toolkit for real-time web application monitoring, logging, and access control. you can consider it as an enabler, there are no hard rules telling you what to do, instead, it is up to you to choose your own path through the available features. The freedom to choose what to do is an essential part of ModSecurity’s identity and goes very well with its open source nature. With full access to the source code, your freedom to choose extends to the ability to customize and extend the tool itself…

Copies the files to the remote server. Do a rsync to make sure it asks for the password for your account on the remote server, and successfully copies the files to the remote server. The following example will synchronize the local folder /home/check/test.txt to the remote folder 100.101.102.11:/root/check  server). This should ask you for the password of your account on the remote server. rsync -avz -e ssh /home/check/test.txt 100.101.102.11:/root/check By using SSH protocol you can transferred the data in a secured connection with encryption. You need to provide the root…

To copy a file to another server, use the following procedure: Log in to your server with SSH as root. Navigate to the directory where there are the files to be transferred, using cd command: cd /home/albert Type the following command (make sure you replace the IP address and the file name): scp move.txt 100.101.102.11:/root/ In this example, 100.101.102.11 is the IP address of the destination server, and /root/ is the destination folder of move.txt You will be prompted to enter the root password of the remote server. Now the move.txt file…

How to view messages in the postfix queue 1- Postfix maintains two queues, the pending mails queue, and the deferred mail queue, the deferred mail queue has the mail that has soft-fail and should be retried (Temporary failure), Postfix retries the deferred queue on set intervals (configurable, and by default 5 minutes). 1- Display a list of queued mail, deferred and pending mailq or postqueue -p To save the output to a text file you can run. mailq > myfile.txt or postqueue -p > myfile.txt The above commands display all queued…

Nagios is an awesome Open Source monitoring tool, its provides you more comprehensive monitoring environment to always keep an eye on your all machines / networks whether you are in a your data center or just your small labs. Installing Nagios 4.3.4 and Nagios Plugin 2.2.1 If you follow these instructions correctly, you will end up with following information. Nagios and its plugins will be installed under /usr/local/nagios directory. Nagios will be configured to monitor few services of your local machine (Disk Usage, CPU Load, Current Users, Total Processes, etc.) Nagios web interface will be available at http://orissawebhosting.in/nagios yum install -y httpd httpd-tools…

Change RDP port on a Windows Server Windows servers are remotely accessible with Remote Desktop via the TCP 3389 port (default port). In some situations, when a more secure environment is needed, changing the remote access port can be useful. This article explains how to change the RDP port on a Windows Hosting Server. Note: Make sure you have opened remote access to the new RDP port in Windows Firewall before starting to avoid locking yourself out of the server. WARNING: Be careful when making changes to the Windows Registry…